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<p>Allows values of integer type to be used in expressions directly.
</p>
<table id="toc" class="toc"><tr><td>
<div id="toctitle"><h2>Contents</h2></div>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="integer_literal.html#Syntax"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Syntax</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="integer_literal.html#Explanation"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Explanation</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="integer_literal.html#The_type_of_the_literal"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">The type of the literal</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="integer_literal.html#Notes"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Notes</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="integer_literal.html#Example"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Example</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="integer_literal.html#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li>
</ul>
</td></tr></table>
<h3>
<span class="editsection">[<a href="http%3A//en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php" title="Edit section: Syntax">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Syntax">Syntax</span>
</h3>
<p>An integer literal is a <a href="expressions.html#Primary_expressions" title="cpp/language/expressions">primary expression</a> of the form
</p>
<table class="t-sdsc-begin">

<tr>
<td colspan="10" class="t-sdsc-sep">
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-sdsc">
<td> <span class="t-spar">decimal-literal</span> <span class="t-spar">integer-suffix</span><span class="t-mark">(optional)</span>
</td>
<td> (1)
</td>
<td class="t-sdsc-nopad">
</td>
</tr>



<tr>
<td colspan="10" class="t-sdsc-sep">
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-sdsc">
<td> <span class="t-spar">octal-literal</span> <span class="t-spar">integer-suffix</span><span class="t-mark">(optional)</span>
</td>
<td> (2)
</td>
<td class="t-sdsc-nopad">
</td>
</tr>



<tr>
<td colspan="10" class="t-sdsc-sep">
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-sdsc">
<td> <span class="t-spar">hex-literal</span> <span class="t-spar">integer-suffix</span><span class="t-mark">(optional)</span>
</td>
<td> (3)
</td>
<td class="t-sdsc-nopad">
</td>
</tr>



<tr>
<td colspan="10" class="t-sdsc-sep">
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-sdsc">
<td> <span class="t-spar">binary-literal</span> <span class="t-spar">integer-suffix</span><span class="t-mark">(optional)</span>
</td>
<td> (4)
</td>
<td> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx14">(since C++14)</span>
</td>
</tr>



<tr>
<td colspan="10" class="t-sdsc-sep">
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>where
</p>
<ul>
<li> <span class="t-spar">decimal-literal</span> is a non-zero decimal digit (<code>1</code>, <code>2</code>, <code>3</code>, <code>4</code>, <code>5</code>, <code>6</code>, <code>7</code>, <code>8</code>, <code>9</code>), followed by zero or more decimal digits (<code>0</code>, <code>1</code>, <code>2</code>, <code>3</code>, <code>4</code>, <code>5</code>, <code>6</code>, <code>7</code>, <code>8</code>, <code>9</code>)
</li>
<li> <span class="t-spar">octal-literal</span> is the digit zero (<code>0</code>) followed by zero or more octal digits (<code>0</code>, <code>1</code>, <code>2</code>, <code>3</code>, <code>4</code>, <code>5</code>, <code>6</code>, <code>7</code>)
</li>
<li> <span class="t-spar">hex-literal</span> is the character sequence <code>0x</code> or the character sequence <code>0X</code> followed by one or more hexadecimal digits (<code>0</code>, <code>1</code>, <code>2</code>, <code>3</code>, <code>4</code>, <code>5</code>, <code>6</code>, <code>7</code>, <code>8</code>, <code>9</code>, <code>a</code>, <code>A</code>, <code>b</code>, <code>B</code>, <code>c</code>, <code>C</code>, <code>d</code>, <code>D</code>, <code>e</code>, <code>E</code>, <code>f</code>, <code>F</code>)
</li>
<li> <span class="t-spar">binary-literal</span> is the character sequence <code>0b</code> or the character sequence <code>0B</code> followed by one or more binary digits (<code>0</code>, <code>1</code>)
</li>
<li> <span class="t-spar">integer-suffix</span>, if provided, may contain one or both of the following (if both are provided, they may appear in any order:
</li>
</ul>
<dl><dd>
<ul>
<li> <span class="t-spar">unsigned-suffix</span> (the character <code>u</code> or the character <code>U</code>)
</li>
<li> <span class="t-spar">long-suffix</span> (the character <code>l</code> or the character <code>L</code>)<span class="t-rev-inl t-since-cxx11"><span> or the <span class="t-spar">long-long-suffix</span> (the character sequence <code>ll</code> or the character <code>LL</code>)</span> <span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(since C++11)</span></span></span>
</li>
</ul>
</dd></dl>
 <table class="t-rev-begin">
<tr class="t-rev t-since-cxx14">
<td>Optional single quotes(<code>'</code>) may be inserted between the digits as a separator, they are ignored by the compiler.</td>
<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx14">(since C++14)</span></td>
</tr>
</table>
<h3>
<span class="editsection">[<a href="http%3A//en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php" title="Edit section: Explanation">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Explanation">Explanation</span>
</h3>
<div class="t-li1">
<span class="t-li">1)</span> Decimal integer literal (base 10, the first digit is the most significant)</div>
<div class="t-li1">
<span class="t-li">2)</span> Octal integer literal (base 8, the first digit is the most significant)</div>
<div class="t-li1">
<span class="t-li">3)</span> Hexadecimal integer literal (base 16, the first digit is the most significant, the letters 'a' through 'f' represent values (decimal) 10 through 15)</div>
<div class="t-li1">
<span class="t-li">4)</span> Binary integer literal (base 2, the first digit is the most significant)</div>
<p>The following variables are initialized to the same value:
</p>
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;"><div class="cpp source-cpp"><pre class="de1"><span class="kw4">int</span> d <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="nu0">42</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
<span class="kw4">int</span> o <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="nu8">052</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
<span class="kw4">int</span> x <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="nu12">0x2a</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
<span class="kw4">int</span> X <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="nu12">0X2A</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
<span class="kw4">int</span> b <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="nu6">0b101010</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// C++14</span></pre></div></div>
<p>The following variables are also initialized to the same value:
</p>
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;"><div class="cpp source-cpp"><pre class="de1"><span class="kw4">unsigned</span> <span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">long</span> l1 <span class="sy1">=</span> 18446744073709550592ull<span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// C++11</span>
<span class="kw4">unsigned</span> <span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">long</span> l2 <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="nu0">18</span><span class="st0">'446'</span><span class="nu0">744</span><span class="st0">'073'</span><span class="nu0">709</span><span class="st0">'550'</span>592llu<span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// C++14</span>
<span class="kw4">unsigned</span> <span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">long</span> l3 <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="nu0">1844</span><span class="st0">'6744'</span><span class="nu8">0737</span><span class="st0">'0955'</span>0592uLL<span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// C++14</span>
<span class="kw4">unsigned</span> <span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">long</span> l4 <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="nu0">184467</span><span class="st0">'440737'</span><span class="nu0">0</span><span class="st0">'95505'</span>92LLU<span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// C++14</span></pre></div></div>
<h3>
<span class="editsection">[<a href="http%3A//en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php" title="Edit section: The type of the literal">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="The_type_of_the_literal">The type of the literal</span>
</h3>
<p>The type of the integer literal is the first type in which the value can fit, from the list of types which depends on which numeric base and which <span class="t-spar">integer-suffix</span> was used.
</p>
<table class="wikitable">

<tr style="text-align:center">
<th colspan="3"> Types allowed for integer literals
</th>
</tr>
<tr style="text-align:center">
<td> suffix
</td>
<td> decimal bases
</td>
<td> hexadecimal or octal bases
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="text-align:left">
<td> no suffix
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">int</span></span></span>
<p><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">int</span></span></span><br>
<span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">int</span></span></span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(since C++11)</span>
</p>
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">int</span></span></span>
<p><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">unsigned</span> <span class="kw4">int</span></span></span><br>
<span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">int</span></span></span><br>
<span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">unsigned</span> <span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">int</span></span></span><br>
<span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">int</span></span></span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(since C++11)</span><br>
<span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">unsigned</span> <span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">int</span></span></span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(since C++11)</span>
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> <code>u</code> or <code>U</code>
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">unsigned</span> <span class="kw4">int</span></span></span>
<p><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">unsigned</span> <span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">int</span></span></span><br>
<span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">unsigned</span> <span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">int</span></span></span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(since C++11)</span>
</p>
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">unsigned</span> <span class="kw4">int</span></span></span>
<p><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">unsigned</span> <span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">int</span></span></span><br>
<span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">unsigned</span> <span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">int</span></span></span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(since C++11)</span>
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> <code>l</code> or <code>L</code>
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">int</span></span></span>
<p><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">unsigned</span> <span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">int</span></span></span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx11">(until C++11)</span><br>
<span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">int</span></span></span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(since C++11)</span>
</p>
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">int</span></span></span>
<p><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">unsigned</span> <span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">int</span></span></span><br>
<span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">int</span></span></span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(since C++11)</span><br>
<span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">unsigned</span> <span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">int</span></span></span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(since C++11)</span>
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> both <code>l</code>/<code>L</code> and <code>u</code>/<code>U</code>
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">unsigned</span> <span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">int</span></span></span>
<p><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">unsigned</span> <span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">int</span></span></span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(since C++11)</span>
</p>
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">unsigned</span> <span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">int</span></span></span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(since C++11)</span>
<p><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">unsigned</span> <span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">int</span></span></span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(since C++11)</span>
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> <code>ll</code> or <code>LL</code>
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">int</span></span></span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(since C++11)</span>
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">int</span></span></span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(since C++11)</span>
<p><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">unsigned</span> <span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">int</span></span></span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(since C++11)</span>
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> both <code>ll</code>/<code>LL</code> and <code>u</code>/<code>U</code>
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">unsigned</span> <span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">int</span></span></span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(since C++11)</span>
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">unsigned</span> <span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">int</span></span></span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(since C++11)</span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>If the value of the integer literal is too big to fit in any of the types allowed by suffix/base combination and the compiler supports extended integer types (such as <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">__int128</span></span>) the literal may be given the extended integer type -- otherwise the program is ill-formed.
</p>
<h3>
<span class="editsection">[<a href="http%3A//en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Notes">Notes</span>
</h3>
<p>Letters in the integer literals are case-insensitive: <code>0xDeAdBaBeU</code> and <code>0XdeadBABEu</code> represent the same number (one exception is the <span class="t-spar">long-long-suffix</span>, which is either <code>ll</code> or <code>LL</code>, never <code>lL</code> or <code>Ll</code>)
</p>
<p>There are no negative integer literals. Expressions such as <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="sy2">-</span><span class="nu0">1</span></span></span> apply the <a href="operator_arithmetic.html" title="cpp/language/operator arithmetic">unary minus operator</a> to the value represented by the literal, which may involve implicit type conversions.
</p>
<p>In C prior to C99 (but not in C++), unsuffixed decimal values that do not fit in <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">int</span></span></span> are allowed to have the type <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">unsigned</span> <span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">int</span></span></span>.
</p>
<p>When used in a controlling expression of <a href="../preprocessor/conditional.html" title="cpp/preprocessor/conditional">#if</a> or <a href="../../c/preprocessor/conditional.html" title="c/preprocessor/conditional">#elif</a>, all signed integer constants act as if they have type <span class="t-lc"><a href="../types/integer.html" title="cpp/types/integer">std::intmax_t</a></span> and all unsigned integer constants act as if they have type <span class="t-lc"><a href="../types/integer.html" title="cpp/types/integer">std::uintmax_t</a></span>.
</p>
<h3>
<span class="editsection">[<a href="http%3A//en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php" title="Edit section: Example">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Example">Example</span>
</h3>
<div class="t-example">
<div class="t-example-live-link"><div class="coliru-btn coliru-btn-run-init">Run this code</div></div>
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;"><div class="cpp source-cpp"><pre class="de1"><span class="co2">#include &lt;iostream&gt;</span>
 
<span class="kw4">int</span> main<span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span>
<span class="br0">{</span>
<a href="../io/cout.html"><span class="kw1446">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="nu0">123</span>    <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="st0">'<span class="es1">\n</span>'</span>
          <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="nu8">0123</span>   <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="st0">'<span class="es1">\n</span>'</span>
          <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="nu12">0x123</span>  <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="st0">'<span class="es1">\n</span>'</span>
          <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="nu6">0b10</span>   <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="st0">'<span class="es1">\n</span>'</span>
          <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> 12345678901234567890ull <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="st0">'<span class="es1">\n</span>'</span>
          <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> 12345678901234567890u   <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="st0">'<span class="es1">\n</span>'</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// the type is unsigned long long even</span>
                                              <span class="co1">// without a long long suffix</span>
 
<span class="co1">//   std::cout &lt;&lt; -9223372036854775808 &lt;&lt; '\n'; // error: the value</span>
                <span class="co1">// 9223372036854775808 cannot fit in signed long long, which is the</span>
                <span class="co1">// biggest type allowed for unsuffixed decimal integer literal</span>
     <a href="../io/cout.html"><span class="kw1446">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="sy2">-</span>9223372036854775808u <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="st0">'<span class="es1">\n</span>'</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// unary minus applied to unsigned</span>
                <span class="co1">// value subtracts it from 2^64, this gives 9223372036854775808</span>
     <a href="../io/cout.html"><span class="kw1446">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="sy2">-</span><span class="nu0">9223372036854775807</span> <span class="sy2">-</span> <span class="nu0">1</span> <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="st0">'<span class="es1">\n</span>'</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// correct way to calculate</span>
                                                    <span class="co1">// the value -9223372036854775808</span>
<span class="br0">}</span></pre></div></div>
<p>Output:
</p>
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;"><div class="text source-text"><pre class="de1">123
83
291
2
12345678901234567890
12345678901234567890
9223372036854775808
-9223372036854775808</pre></div></div> 
</div>
<h3>
<span class="editsection">[<a href="http%3A//en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="See_also">See also</span>
</h3>
<table class="t-dsc-begin">

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td colspan="2"> <div class="t-dsc-see">
<span><a href="../../c/language/integer_constant.html" title="c/language/integer constant">C documentation</a></span> for <span class="t-dsc-see-tt"><span>integer constant</span></span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>

</table>

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